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*************************************************************************** * * README.win32 * *************************************************************************** This guide describes how to build Net-SNMP with Microsoft Visual C++, the MinGW gcc compiler or the Cygwin gcc compiler. As developers build with other Win32 environments, their notes will be included here. The sections in this guide are: Current Status for Win32 platforms Interactions with Other Vendor's Products Running Net-SNMP as a replacement for the Microsoft SNMP service Co-existence with Microsoft SNMP services Installing Platform SDK Microsoft Visual C++ - Overview Microsoft Visual C++ - Configure / nmake - Building Microsoft Visual C++ - Workspace - Building Microsoft Visual C++ - Workspace - Building the DLL Microsoft Visual C++ - Workspace - Building the Perl SNMP modules Microsoft Visual C++ - Workspace - Installing Microsoft Visual C++ - Building with OpenSSL Microsoft Visual C++ - Building with IPv6 Microsoft Visual C++ - Building your own applications with snmplib Microsoft Visual C++ - Extending the Agent GCC on Windows Cygwin - Building MinGW - Building MinGW - Building with OpenSSL Configuring Net-SNMP How to Register the Net-SNMP Agent and Trap Daemon as Windows services Notes on SET support for WIN32 ports Notes on preprocessor defines for MSVC, MinGW and Cygwin Acknowledgements *************************************************************************** * * Net-SNMP status for Win32 platforms * *************************************************************************** All applications build with Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0, Microsoft Development Environment 2003 (MSVC 7.0/7.1), Microsoft Visual Studio 2005, Microsoft Visual Studio 2008, Microsoft Visual Studio 2010, gcc under Cygwin and gcc under MinGW. - All of the applications work (snmpwalk, snmpget, snmpset, snmptrap, ...). - The system, snmp, ip, tcp, udp and icmp MIB-groups work (requires the Platform SDK). - The Net-SNMP agent runs as an AgentX master agent or as subagent. - smux is working. - The target, notification, disman/mte groups compile but are not tested. - The TCP/IPv6 and UDP/IPv6 transports compile but are not tested. - Extending the agent to support enterprise-specific MIBs works. - Running the agent on a non-standard UDP or TCP port works. - Snmpd can be registered as a Windows service. - Snmptrapd can be registered as a Windows service. - Some build environments allow long pathnames that contain embedded spaces. As this is not true for Cygwin "configure", the documented example scripts will refer to "c:/usr" as the base directory for installed Net-SNMP software. - When using the winExtDLL extension agent, the Net-SNMP agent will load the Windows SNMP Service extension DLLs. The next subsection relates to items that are built using Visual Studio - All Visual Studio project (.dsp) files are cleaned, and a) Generate code to use Multi-Threaded DLL (/MD) "C" run-time library; b) Provide the same preprocessor defines (WIN32,_CONSOLE,_MBCS); c) Remove unnecessary references to GDI, ODBC, and "C" libraries; d) Debug versions build source browsing and debugging information; e) Provide consistent include search paths. - All Debug and Release targets linked with libsnmp project targets build without errors, and are fully functional. - Both building via the interactive development environment and via the command line (nmake) is supported. - With Visual Studio 2005 and later, the Net-SNMP source code can be compiled into either 32-bit or 64-bit executables (the amd64/x64 architecture). Previous Visual Studio versions support 32-bit executables only. *************************************************************************** * * Interactions with Other Vendor's Products * *************************************************************************** - Install scripts etc are written assuming Windows NT / 2000 or higher - Running the Net-SNMP Agent or trap receiver on Windows 95 or Win3.1 is not supported. - Running the Net-SNMP Agent or trap receiver as a service on Windows 95 or Windows 98 is not supported. - The Net-SNMP agent and trap receiver will fail to start if either cannot bind to their connect port (161 for agent, 162 for trap receiver). Check the Services panel to be sure no other SNMP program conflicts. See the section titled 'Co-existence with Microsoft SNMP services' below. - The Net-SNMP agent can be used instead of the MS supplied one while retaining all functionality and with slightly better SNMP conformance. See the section titled 'Co-existence with Microsoft SNMP services' below. - The Net-SNMP agent does not use the MS SNMP.dll, therefore it cannot run as an extensible part of the MS agent. It is possible to use a third party proxy agent for the MS agent to 'proxy' requests to the Net-SNMP agent listening on a different UDP port on the same machine. - Snmptrapd does not "share" nor multiplex traps with SNMPTRAP.EXE, a program that is available from Microsoft or ACE#COMM. *************************************************************************** * * Running Net-SNMP as a replacement for the Microsoft SNMP service * *************************************************************************** As of Net-SNMP 5.4, the Net-SNMP agent is able to load the Windows SNMP service extension DLLs by using the Net-SNMP winExtDLL extension. The Windows SNMP service must be installed, but the service must be disabled. This is required so that the extension DLLs are available for loading, and also because this extension and the existing Windows extensions use the Windows SNMP API from snmpapi.dll. An alternative to winExtDLL is to proxy requests from Net-SNMP to the Windows SNMP service. See the section 'Co-existence with Microsoft SNMP services'. Limitations ----------- - When using HP Insight Agents, some parts of the enterprises.232 tree are not accessible. The cause of this is not known. - When using winExtDLL, there is an offset of up to one second between the value of the sysUpTime varbind included in the traps generated by SNMP extension DLLs (e.g. linkUp and linkDown) and the value of the sysUpTime varbind included in traps generated by Net-SNMP itself (e.g. coldStart). - When using winExtDLL, hrSystemUptime.0 reports the system uptime in thousands of a second instead of hundreds of a second. This is well known behavior of the Microsoft DLL that implements this MIB object. For more information, see also https://connect.microsoft.com/onecare/feedback/ViewFeedback.aspx?FeedbackID=504908. Enabling the Windows SNMP extension agents ------------------------------------------ When installing Net-SNMP using the binary available from the web site, select 'With Windows Extension DLL support' for the 'Net-SNMP Agent Service'. The recommended way to start snmpd is with the following command line: snmpd.exe -I-udp,udpTable,tcp,tcpTable,icmp,ip,interfaces,system_mib,sysORTable The above command will exclude all the Net-SNMP extensions that overlap with the default Windows (2003) extensions included with Windows. Other Net-SNMP modules take precedence over the modules loaded by winExtDLL. The binary install of Net-SNMP includes shortcuts in the Start menu for registering and unregistering snmpd and snmptrapd as a service with the correct command line options. A simple test to see if winExtDLL is working is to get the sysDescr string. snmpget -v 1 -c public localhost sysDescr.0 If you see something similar to: Hardware: x86 Family 15 Model 12 Stepping 0 AT/AT COMPATIBLE - Software: Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195 Uniprocessor Free) instead of the usual Net-SNMP: Windows host1 5.0.2195 Service Pack 4 2000 Server x86 Family 15 Model 12 Stepping 0 then it's using the Windows DLLs. You may also notice that your floppy drive is accessed when starting the service. This is from one of the Windows extensions. To see what Windows modules are being loaded, you can shut down the service and then run snmpd.exe from the command line with winExtDLL debugging enabled using (all on one line): snmpd.exe -Lo -I-udp,udpTable,tcp,tcpTable,icmp,ip,interfaces,system_mib, sysORTable -DwinExtDLL The Windows DLL snmpmib.dll (SNMPMIB) contains SNMP traffic statistics (.1.3.6.1.2.1.11). As we are using Net-SNMP and not the Windows SNMP Service, no values will be returned from the Windows extension. To allow SNMP statistics to be received, the Net-SNMP module snmp_mib is permitted to load by not excluding it in the above command line. As stated above, this module will take precedence over the Windows module. Registry Information -------------------- Warning: Improper use of the registry editor can damage to your operating system and should only be used by experienced users. The following registry keys are used by the Windows SNMP Service to determine what extension DLLs to load: HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\SNMP\Parameters\ExtensionAgents Each REG_SZ value contains the registry path to an extension agent which contains the path to the DLL. For example: Name Type Value 1 REG_SZ SOFTWARE\Microsoft\LANManagerMIB2Agent\CurrentVersion To prevent winExtDLL from loading the above extension, change the registry path to an invalid path such as: Name Type Value 1 REG_SZ SOFTWARE\Microsoft\LANManagerMIB2Agent\CurrentVersion!!! Service dependencies -------------------- Services that depend on the SNMP Service will have to be modified to depend on Net-SNMP instead of SNMP by modifying the registry. See Microsoft article 193888 for more information. Compiling Net-SNMP with the winExtDLL extension (MSVC) ------------------------------------------------------ When building with MSVC 6, the Microsoft Platform SDK is required. Note: the most recent Platform SDK version that is still compatible with MSVC 6 is the February 2003 edition. This edition is no longer available online but can be ordered via http://mssdk.orderport.net/22221848/showall.asp. Configure / nmake: -add --with-winextdll to the Configure command line. Workspace: -in file win32\net-snmp\net-snmp-config.h modify /* #undef USING_WINEXTDLL_MODULE */ into the following: #define USING_WINEXTDLL_MODULE 1 *************************************************************************** * * Co-existence with Microsoft SNMP services * *************************************************************************** If the Microsoft SNMP agent service (SNMP Service) is running, the Net-SNMP agent (snmpd) will fail to start as it will not be able to bind to the default TCP/IP port of 161. If the Microsoft SNMP Trap Receiver service is running, the Net-SNMP trap receiver (snmptrapd) will fail to start as it will not be able to bind to the default TCP/IP port of 162. It is not a requirement to install the Net-SNMP agent (snmpd) or trap receiver (snmptrapd). All the command line utilities such as snmpget.exe, snmpset.exe and the Perl modules will work without the Net-SNMP services. All the utilities will work against any SNMP agent. The main benefit of running the Microsoft SNMP agent instead of the Net-SNMP agent is that many Windows applications such as Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Exchange etc, extend the Microsoft agent. Net-SNMP is NOT a drop in replacement for the Microsoft agent unless the winExtDLL Net-SNMP extension is used (see the section 'Running Net-SNMP as a replacement for the Microsoft SNMP service'). Running Net-SNMP in place of the Microsoft agent (without winExtDLL) will prevent the other applications from working with SNMP. Also, the Net-SNMP agent does not contain as many MIBs as the Microsoft agent. For example, as of August 2005, the HOST-RESOURCES (host) MIB is not yet implemented in Net-SNMP. There are many benefits of running the Net-SNMP agent instead of the Microsoft such as you can extend the agent using various features found in snmpd.conf such as pass and pass_persist (support for others are being added), you can use SNMP v3, and there is more granular access control. To allow both the Microsoft and Net-SNMP agent / trap receiver to run at the same time, the default TCP/IP port must be changed on either the Microsoft or Net-SNMP version of the application. The Net-SNMP ports for snmpd and snmptrapd can be modified via snmpd.conf and snmptrapd.conf or by using a command line option with each program. See the Net-SNMP Help file for instructions on changing the port number. The Microsoft services use the 'snmp' and 'snmptrap' entries in the SERVICES file (%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\services) to determine the port to bind the service to when the service starts. Simply modify the entries and restart the affected services. Note: Changing the default port the service listens on will prevent it from accepting requests or receiving traps from standard SNMP devices and management stations unless they have also been reconfigured to use the new port numbers. It is possible to configure Net-SNMP agent to listen on the default UDP port (161), have the Microsoft agent listen on another port such as 1161, and have Net-SNMP proxy (forward) requests to the Microsoft agent. This will allow you to use the advanced features of Net-SNMP while still being able to query the Microsoft agent and subagents. To this, follow these steps: 1. Change the port that the Microsoft agent listens on. 2. Configure the Microsoft agent to only accept requests from localhost. This can be set in the Security tab for the SNMP service in Windows 2000+. This is recommended to prevent users from querying the Microsoft agent directly. 3. Add a r/c community string to the Microsoft agent. This can be set in the Security tab for the SNMP service in Windows 2000+. This will give Net-SNMP full SNMP access. User access can be restricted by Net-SNMP as explained below. 4. Restart the Microsoft SNMP service. 5. Configure Net-SNMP to proxy requests to the Microsoft agent. To have it forward ALL requests to the Microsoft agent, add the following line to snmpd.conf: proxy -v 1 -c public localhost:1161 .1.3 To only forward a section of the MIB tree such as the host section, use: proxy -v 1 -c public localhost:1161 host 6. Start the Net-SNMP agent. Notes: If Net-SNMP has built in support for an OID and the proxy statement is not for a specific OID, then it will respond instead of proxying the request. For example, if you proxy the 'system' tree and issue an snmpget for sysDescr.0, Net-SNMP will respond with it's own version of sysDescr.0 instead of forwarding it. To prevent Net-SNMP from doing this, you must prevent the system MIB from being initialized when snmpd.exe is started by specifying what MIBS to initialize using the -I switch. If you are forwarding everything to the Microsoft agent (.1.3), start snmpd.exe using: snmpd.exe -Ivacm_conf,proxy,pass,pass_persist The above will enable proxy, pass and pass_persist support. See the snmpd man page for more information on the -I switch. If you are forwarding a section of the tree that is not implemented in Net-SNMP such as 'host', you do not need to use the -I switch as Net-SNMP will forward the request. This may cause issues in the future if newer versions of Net-SNMP implement the section of the tree you are forwarding, such as the HOST-RESOURCES MIB. The pass and pass_persist commands will work even if the entire tree is proxied to the Microsoft Agent. 7. Test the agent. If you have forwarded the entire tree, issue an snmpget for sysDescr.0. For example: snmpget -v 1 -c public localhost sysDescr.0 The Microsoft agent will respond in a format similar to: Hardware: x86 Family 15 Model 12 Stepping 0 AT/AT COMPATIBLE - Software: Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195 Uniprocessor Free) The Net-SNMP agent would normally respond in a format similar to: Windows host1 5.0.2195 Service Pack 4 2000 Server x86 Family 15 Model 12 Stepping 0 If you had previously configured the Microsoft agent with multiple community strings to restrict who can read and write to the OID tree, the security settings should be transferred to snmpd.conf. For example, if the Microsoft agent was configured with: Community Rights --------------------------------- public read S3cur39876 read/write Sn0wb0ard345 read/create Add the following to snmpd.conf: rocommunity public rwcommunity S3cur39876 rwcommunity Sn0wb0ard345 It is possible to add more granular security using Net-SNMP. For example, to restrict the public community string to only read the system tree, use: rocommunity public 0.0.0.0 system See the snmpd.conf man page for more information on configuring security. *************************************************************************** * * Installing Platform SDK * *************************************************************************** If you are using Microsoft Visual Studio 6.0, you will have to install the Platform SDK (PSDK) first. Once the PSDK has been installed, select the following action from the Start Menu: Programs / Microsoft Windows SDK / Visual Studio Registration / Windows SDK Configuration Tool. If you are using any of the following environments, the PSDK download is not necessary as the required parts of the PSDK are included: - Microsoft Visual Studio 2002 or later. - Cygwin. - MinGW. In order for the process part of the host resources MIB to work under Windows NT you will need to obtain PSAPI.DLL. This is available under the download section of www.microsoft.com. The DLL is included with Windows 2000 and XP, and is also part of the VC++ distribution. If you are building Net-SNMP using Cygwin, go now to "Cygwin - Building". If you are building Net-SNMP using MinGW, go now to "MinGW - Building". Otherwise, see the Building section below. *************************************************************************** * * Microsoft Visual C++ - Overview * *************************************************************************** There are two ways to build Net-SNMP using Microsoft Visual C++. The first and easiest method is using Configure and nmake on the command line, and the second is using the Workspace files inside the interactive development environment. To use nmake on the command line, the Configure script is run first to create the various makefiles. Once these have been created, nmake is used to build the applications. Perl is required to use this method, as the Configure script is written in Perl. ActiveState ActivePerl is available at: http://www.activestate.com/Products/ActivePerl/ The make file system is based on and uses the directory structure of the projects contained in the Workspace files which are described below. It is recommended that you read and understand how the workspaces are configured even if you will only be using the command line Configure / nmake system. For building via the interactive development environment, there are the Win32 workspaces win32.dsw and libdll.dsw. The last workspace allows to build a DLL version of snmplib (netsnmp.dll). There is one core development library ('libsnmp'), together with a number of utility projects for the individual executable commands ('snmpget', 'snmpwalk', etc...). All of these projects require the .lib created by the libsnmp project. The agent requires the core library plus the other two library projects ('libagent' and 'netsnmpmibs') together with the main agent project ('snmpd'). The final application project is the trap handler 'snmptrapd'. This also requires the agent libraries ('libagent' and 'netsnmpmibs') as well as the core development library. There is a Debug version and Release version for each subproject. This is so the Debug and Release versions of an application can be built and tested separately. VC++ 6.0, 7.1, 8.0 (2005), 9.0 (2008) and 10.0 (2010) have been tested. Building with earlier Microsoft compiler versions is no longer supported. Note: if you want to distribute the generated executable, you will also need to distribute the Microsoft Visual Studio Redistributable Package. Check the EULA included with that package before redistributing it. OpenSSL is required to support the encryption capabilities in SNMPv3, or SHA authentication. Since the MSVC build environment does not natively use "configure" nor "make" to generate the various pathnames that the programs require, the header files need to be manually modified when using the IDE, and an install script is provided. When using the Perl Configure / nmake system, the header files are automatically modified and require no manual editing. The projects are arranged so that ALL of the usable products, the .exe files, are written to the win32\bin directory. The win32\lib directory is used only to build the the files in the win32\bin directory. Once building is completed, there is no further use for the files in the win32\lib directory. Debug Information ----------------- Note that VC++ 6.0 has options for debugging information - the 'Program Database'. This option is set in the Project settings, C/C++ tab, 'General' category, and is turned on by default during the conversion of the project files. This option is not for use with a library, as it embeds debug information into the library that references an external file that will not be available to the linking application. If you get an error message along the lines of 'debugging information not available in file vc60.pdb, make sure the library debug option is set to 'Program Database' or "/Zi". *************************************************************************** * * Microsoft Visual C++ - Configure / nmake - Building * *************************************************************************** There are two ways to build Net-SNMP using the Configure / nmake system. The first and easiest method is by running the win32\build.bat script. The second is manually running Configure and nmake. Note: Perl is required to use this method as the Configure script is written in Perl. ActiveState ActivePerl is available at: http://www.activestate.com/Products/ActivePerl/ Win32\build.bat script ====================== The build.bat script is an easy menu driven system that allows you to select how Net-SNMP should be built, and where it should be installed. Follow these steps to build using build.bat: 1. Open a command prompt 2. When building with OpenSSL, set the environment variables INCLUDE and LIB such that these point at the proper OpenSSL directories. An example: set INCLUDE=C:\OpenSSL-Win32\include set LIB=C:\OpenSSL-Win32\lib\VC\static 3. Initialize the Visual Studio build environment by running vcvarsall.bat which can be found in the bin folder of your Visual Studio install folder. If you want to generate 64-bit binaries instead of 32-bit binaries, run vcvarsall.bat with the amd64 argument. See also "How to: Enable a 64-Bit Visual C++ Toolset at the Command Line" for more information (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/x4d2c09s%28v=vs.80%29.aspx). 4. Run win32\build.bat 5. The following screen will appear: Net-SNMP build and install options ================================== 1. OpenSSL support: disabled 2. Platform SDK support: disabled 3. Install path: c:/usr 4. Install after build: enabled 5. Perl modules: disabled 6. Install perl modules: disabled 7. Quiet build (logged): enabled 8. Debug mode: disabled 9. IPv6 transports (requires SDK): disabled 10. winExtDLL agent (requires SDK): disabled 11. Link type: static 12. Install development files disabled F. Finished - start build Q. Quit - abort build Select option to set / toggle: 6. Toggle the options on and off as desired by typing the line number followed by <enter>. To compile with OpenSSL, the OpenSSL library and header files must already be installed. See the section 'Microsoft Visual C++ - Building with OpenSSL' for details. To compile with the Platform SDK, the Platform SDK must already be installed. See the section 'Installing Platform SDK' for details. To use the IPv6 transports, Windows 98 or later is required. See the section 'Running Net-SNMP as a replacement for the Microsoft SNMP service' for important information on using the winExtDLL agent. If Quiet mode is enabled, all build activity is stored in various *.out files inside of the win32 folder. When you are ready to build, type f <enter> 7. Building will begin. Following is a sample screen shot of a quiet build: Building... Deleting old log files... Running Configure... Cleaning... Building main package... Installing main package... Running Configure for DLL... Cleaning libraries... Building DLL libraries... Installing DLL libraries... Cleaning Perl.... Building Perl modules... Testing Perl modules... Installing Perl modules... See perlmake.out for Perl test results Done! 8. If the folder that Net-SNMP was installed to is ever changed, modify the system environment variables or registry keys as explained in the 'Configuration_Overview.html' file located in win32/dist/htmlhelp. Manual build using Configure / nmake ==================================== To build using nmake on the command line, the make files need to be generated first by the Configure script. Following are sample steps to: -enable Platform SDK support -enable OpenSSL support -enable debug mode -build Net-SNMP -install to 'c:\usr' -compile the Perl modules -test the Perl modules -install the Perl modules 1. Open a command prompt 2. Initialize the Visual Studio build environment by running VCVARS32.bat which can be found in the bin folder of your Visual Studio install folder. 3. Type (all on one line): perl Configure --with-sdk --with-ssl --config=debug --prefix="c:/usr" 4. The make files will be generated, and a configuration summary will appear: --------------------------------------------------------- Net-SNMP configuration summary: --------------------------------------------------------- Config type: debug SDK: enabled Link type: static Prefix / Destdir: c:/usr OpenSSL: enabled 5. Type: nmake clean nmake nmake install perl Configure --with-sdk --with-ssl --config=debug --linktype=dynamic --prefix="c:/usr" nmake libs_clean nmake libs nmake install nmake perl_clean nmake perl nmake perl_test nmake perl_install For a complete list of Configure options, run: perl Configure --help For a complete list of possible build targets, after generating the make files using Configure, run: nmake help Note: The Configure option --linktype=static (or not specifying a linktype) will result in libsnmp being compiled and all other components being statically linked to it. The Configure option --linktype=dynamic will result in libsnmp_dll (netsnmp.dll) being compiled and all other components being dynamically linked to it. *************************************************************************** * * Microsoft Visual C++ - Workspace - Building * *************************************************************************** The win32.dsw and win32dll.dsw workspaces allow to build the agent and the applications. Proceed as follows: 1. Update the version stamp in win32\net-snmp\net-snmp-config.h. The current version can be found in the Unix configure script (top level folder) by looking for the PACKAGE_VERSION variable. 2. If SNMPv3 encryption capabilities or SHA authentication is required, install the OpenSSL DLL and library file as described in the section 'Microsoft Visual C++ - Building with OpenSSL" and then continue with step 2. 3. The default installation path is c:\usr. This folder will contain all the binaries, MIB files, configuration files etc. To change the location, the win32\net-snmp\net-snmp-config.h file needs to be modified by changing the INSTALL_BASE variable. Note: All paths in net-snmp-config.h use the "/" UNIX pathname delimiter. If a drive letter is not specified, the current drive letter is assumed. For example: #define INSTALL_BASE "c:/usr". 4. When building DLLs instead of static libraries, *change* the following line which is located near the top of the file: /* #undef NETSNMP_USE_DLL */ *to* #define NETSNMP_USE_DLL 1 5. Build the agent and the applications a. Open win32.dsw (static build) or win32dll.dsw (dynamic build). b. If you want to generate 64-bit binaries instead of 32-bit binaries, select "Build/Configuration Manager" and add the "x64" platform. c. Select "Build/Batch Build..." d. Select the projects and configurations you want to build. e. Click "ReBuild All". f. When building is done, View the Output window, clip and save to a text file if there is some information to share. 6. If the Perl modules are required, continue with the next section: 'Microsoft Visual C++ - Building the Perl SNMP modules'. Otherwise, continue with the section: 'Microsoft Visual C++ - Installing' *************************************************************************** * * Microsoft Visual C++ - Workspace - Building the Perl SNMP modules * *************************************************************************** The Perl modules should be compiled against the DLL version of snmplib. Compiling against a static version is possible, but each module will load it's own copy of the MIB, and sharing data between modules will not be possible. For example, the conf module tests will fail. 1. Complete the section 'Microsoft Visual C++ - Building' and choose for the dynamic build. This will build the libraries, agent and applications. Note: SNMPD.EXE and SNMPTRAPD.EXE are required for running the tests against the SNMP Perl module. 2. Install Net-SNMP as described in the 'Microsoft Visual C++ - Installing' section to install the applications, the DLL and the .lib files. 3. Continue with the Win32 section of the Perl README file located in perl\SNMP\README. *************************************************************************** * * Microsoft Visual C++ - Workspace - Installing * *************************************************************************** The install script "win32\install-net-snmp.bat" should be run after a build is successful. It copies the programs, MIB files, and development components to an install directory named in the INSTALL_BASE variable. 1. Complete the section 'Microsoft Visual C++ - Building'. 2. Open win32\install-net-snmp.bat using a text editor. The INSTALL_BASE variable must match the INSTALL_BASE compile constant defined in "win32\net-snmp\net-snmp-config.h", using these rules: a. All paths in install-net-snmp.bat use the "\" DOS pathname delimiter. Example: set INSTALL_BASE="c:\usr". b. All paths in net-snmp-config.h use the "/" UNIX pathname delimiter. If a drive letter is not specified, the current drive letter is assumed. Example: #define INSTALL_BASE "c:/usr". Note: You may also modify "install-net-snmp.bat" in order to not install the linking libraries, or the header files. 3. Open a command prompt window. 4. Cd to the base directory where this file README.win32 is located. 5. Run win32\install-net-snmp.bat to install the programs. ## sample output from install-net-snmp.bat NOTE: Directory already exist messages are normal. If you are not building with OpenSSL, then DLL not found messages are normal. C:\net-snmp-5.1.1> win32\install-net-snmp Remember to run this script from the base of the source directory. Creating "c:\usr" sub-directories A subdirectory or file c:\usr already exists. A subdirectory or file c:\usr\bin already exists. A subdirectory or file c:\usr\etc\snmp already exists. A subdirectory or file c:\usr\share\snmp\snmpconf-data already exists A subdirectory or file c:\usr\share\snmp\snmpconf-data\ snmp-data already exists. A subdirectory or file c:\usr\share\snmp\snmpconf-data\ snmpd-data already exists. A subdirectory or file c:\usr\share\snmp\snmpconf-data\ snmptrapd-data already exists. A subdirectory or file c:\usr\lib already exists. A subdirectory or file c:\usr\mibs already exists. A subdirectory or file c:\usr\include already exists. A subdirectory or file c:\usr\include\net-snmp already exists . A subdirectory or file c:\usr\include\ucd-snmp already exists . Copying MIB files to "c:\usr"\mibs Copying compiled programs to "c:\usr"\bin Copying snmpconf files to "c:\usr"\share\snmp\snmpconf- data\snmp-data Copying link libraries to "c:\usr"\lib Copying header files to "c:\usr"\include Deleting debugging files from "c:\usr" Copying DLL files to "c:\usr" The system cannot find the file specified. Done copying files to "c:\usr" C:\net-snmp-5.1.1> ## END sample output from install-net-snmp.bat 6. Add the bin folder (c:\usr\bin in the above example) to your system path. 7. Test the installation. For a simple test to see if Net-SNMP is working, open a _new_ command prompt window, and type: snmptranslate -IR -Td linkDown 8. If the folder that Net-SNMP was installed to is ever changed, modify the system environment variables or registry keys as explained in the 'Configuration_Overview.html' file located in win32/dist/htmlhelp. *************************************************************************** * * Microsoft Visual C++ - Building with OpenSSL * *************************************************************************** OpenSSL is required to support the encryption capabilities in SNMPv3 (or SHA authentication). The win32 version of OpenSSL can be built from the sources or you can download a pre-compiled version. Building from source: ===================== 1. Install an assembler. If you do not have the M$ assembler installed (MASM) you can get a free one(NASM) from: http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/devel/nasm 2. Obtain the OpenSSL source from the link below. Follow instructions in INSTALL.W32 ftp://ftp.openssl.org/source/ 3. Once the OpenSSL libraries are built, copy the folder inc32\openssl to C:\OpenSSL\Include\openssl and the folder out32dll to C:\OpenSSL\Lib\VC. Using a pre-compiled version ============================ 1. Obtain the latest OpenSSL binary from the link below. http://www.slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html 2. Install the package to c:\OpenSSL. Project changes =============== 1. Edit the win32\net-snmp\net-snmp-config.h header file. Add: #define NETSNMP_USE_OPENSSL 1 2. Open Visual Studio, open the Tools menu and select Options. Go to Projects and Solutions and select VC++ Directories. Add C:\OpenSSL\Include to the list of include directories and C:\OpenSSL\Lib\VC to the list of library directories. 3. Continue with the section 'Microsoft Visual C++ - Building" *************************************************************************** * * Microsoft Visual C++ - Building with IPv6 * *************************************************************************** The default build configuration supports SNMP over IPv4-based transports. However Windows 2000 and later include an IPv6-capable stack which can be used to provide SNMP over IPv6. To enable IPv6, the Microsoft PSDK is required and NETSNMP_ENABLE_IPV6 has to be enabled in win32\net-snmp\net-snmp-config.h. Change the following single line from: /* #undef NETSNMP_ENABLE_IPV6 */ to: #define NETSNMP_ENABLE_IPV6 1 Next, continue with the section 'Microsoft Visual C++ - Building" *************************************************************************** * * Microsoft Visual C++ - Building your own applications with snmplib * *************************************************************************** Linking in an snmplib built to use the Multithreaded DLL runtime library to an application configured for the Debug Multithreaded DLL runtime library results in a link error along the lines of 'defaultlib "MSVCRT" conflicts with use of other libs'. If you receive a similar message, check that the projects settings between library and application match up. To successfully build your existing project with Net-SNMP libraries, change the project settings FOR YOUR APPLICATION ONLY as follows: 1. In the Link section, Select "Additional Libraries". Add netsnmp.lib for Release version. Add netsnmp_d.lib for Debug version. 2. Remove all references to these libraries: libsnmp*.lib msvcrt*.lib libc*.lib oldnames.lib 3. In the C++ section, Select "Code Generation". For Release, select /MD or "MultiThreaded DLL". For Debug, select /MDd or "Debug MultiThreaded DLL". 4. Make sure "Ignore all default libraries" is NOT SET. 5. Make sure "_MBCS" is included in your pre-processor defines. Note: Some users may have better results compiling other packages that use the installed header files by removing the "mode_t" definition from net-snmp-config.h file in the installed directories. *************************************************************************** * * Microsoft Visual C++ - Extending the Agent * *************************************************************************** Assuming that the MIB compiler generated the my.h and my.c files for the custom MIB "my", the following changes are required to extend the agent using VC++: - Add the my.h and my.c files to your 'netsnmpmibs' project in VC++. - Next edit the '<sourcedir>\win32\mib_module_includes.h' file to add an include to your .h file. #include "mibgroup/my.h" - Next edit the '<sourcedir>\win32\mib_module_inits.h' file to add code to call your initialize function. if (should_init("my")) init_my(); That's all that is needed. Now go ahead and compile the 'netsnmpmibs' and 'snmpd' project. And things should work just fine. *************************************************************************** * * GCC on Windows * *************************************************************************** There are two versions of GCC (the GNU Compiler Collection) in common use on Microsoft Windows operating systems. This section will attempt to point the user to the information required to choose the one to best suit their needs. Cygwin The Cygwin compiler and toolkit provides a Unix style shell and environment for Windows based systems. The cygwin1.dll provides a POSIX emulation layer that simplifies porting Unix / Linux applications to Windows. The Cygwin dlls are required if an application is to be distributed. The dependency on the The Cygwin tool chain and documentation can be found at: http://sources.redhat.com/cygwin/ MinGW The MinGW compiler is a Windows native version of gcc. The tool chain links against existing Windows dlls found on most systems. Binaries compiled with MinGW do not require additional libraries to be distributed. The MSyS environment provides a shell (Bash) and tools to emulate a Unix style build environment on Windows. The MinGW and MSyS tools and documentation can be found at: http://www.mingw.org *************************************************************************** * * Cygwin - Building * *************************************************************************** An alternate way to build and run Net-SNMP on Win32 is to use the Cygwin environment. Detailed information about the Cygwin environment is available on the web at: http://sources.redhat.com/cygwin/. Cygwin allows you to compile almost the complete agent and applications. As an example, the following configure options create a working set of programs: ENV_SEPARATOR=":" \ ./configure \ --with-mib-modules="host agentx disman/event-mib examples/example" \ --with-out-mib-modules=host/hr_network \ If you want to disable SNMPv3 auth and privacy features, add: --without-openssl \ If you want to use IPv6 transports, add: --enable-ipv6 Note: the source code should *not* be in a folder that contains a space. For example, compiling in your 'My Documents' folder or your Desktop folder (usually c:\Documents and Settings\xxxx\Desktop) is not supported. A note for Windows NT users: in order for the process part of the host resources MIB (hr_swrun) to work under Windows NT you will need to get hold of PSAPI.DLL. This DLL is available under the download section of www.microsoft.com, and is also included in the VC++ distribution. If the folder that Net-SNMP was installed to is ever changed, modify the system environment variables or registry keys as explained in the 'Configuration_Overview.html' file located in win32/dist/htmlhelp. *************************************************************************** * * MinGW - Building * *************************************************************************** Currently the tools and agent will compile on win32 platforms using the MinGW tools with the MSyS environment. MinGW, MSyS and the associated documentation can be downloaded from: http://www.mingw.org. Compiling net-snmp with MinGW requires GNU regex and libintl. Binaries and developer header files for these libraries are available at: http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/regex.htm http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/libintl.htm Proceed as follows to build Net-SNMP: 1. Install GNU regex and GNU libintl binaries and developer files in the MinGW tree. 2. If SNMPv3 encryption capabilities or SHA authentication is required, install the OpenSSL DLL and library file as described in the section 'MinGW - Building with OpenSSL" and then continue with step 3. 3. Determine where you want the programs to be installed. Currently you must use path segments no longer than 8 characters, and no embedded spaces are allowed. Due to limitations with Makefiles, you must also specify the MIBDIRS default that corresponds to a particular subtree from the base directory. Note: All paths use the "/" UNIX pathname delimiter. Also note that embedded spaces will NOT currently work with MinGW configure. Use the DOS 8.3 form of the path, For example: Say that you want to install the programs in the directory "C:\usr". Use BASEDIR=c:/usr 4. Configure net-snmp using the configure flags as shown: BASEDIR=c:/usr ./configure --prefix="$BASEDIR" \ --with-mibdirs="$BASEDIR/share/snmp/mibs" \ --with-mib-modules="agentx disman/event-mib winExtDLL examples/example"\ --disable-embedded-perl --without-perl-modules \ Note: while the Net-SNMP implementation of the host resources MIB is not supported when using MinGW, winExtDLL is supported. Via winExtDLL you can use Microsoft's implementation of the host resources MIB. 4.1. If you want to use IPv6 transports, add: --enable-ipv6 --with-transports="TCPIPv6 UDPIPv6" \ 5. Type "make" to compile the package. 6. Type "make install" to install the package. 7. If the folder that Net-SNMP was installed to is ever changed, modify the system environment variables or registry keys as explained in the 'Configuration_Overview.html' file located in win32/dist/htmlhelp. *************************************************************************** * * MinGW - Building with OpenSSL * *************************************************************************** OpenSSL is required to support the encryption capabilities in SNMPv3 (or SHA authentication). A pre-compiled MinGW compatible version of OpenSSL is available on the Internet. Follow these steps to install OpenSSL: 1. Obtain the latest OpenSSL binary from the link below. http://www.slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html 2. Install the package to c:\OpenSSL 3. Copy the header and library files to the the MinGW directory: a. Copy the c:\OpenSSL\include\openssl folder to the include folder in MinGW. Example: "C:\MinGW\include\openssl\*.h" b. Copy c:\OpenSSL\lib\MinGW\libeay32.* to the lib folder in Mingw. Example: "C:\MinGW\lib\libeay32.a" Example: "C:\MinGW\lib\libeay32.def" 4. Continue with the section 'MinGW - Building" *************************************************************************** * * Building the Windows Net-SNMP Installer * *************************************************************************** Proceed as follows: 1. Uninstall Net-SNMP. 2. Remove the C:\usr directory completely. 3. Open a command prompt 4. Run the MSVC vcvarsall.bat script. 5. Change the current working directory to the Net-SNMP win32\dist directory. 6. Run the .\build-binary.bat script. 7. Copy the net-snmp-${version}.x86.exe installer to the desired location. *************************************************************************** * * Configuring Net-SNMP * *************************************************************************** Online documentation is available from the Net-SNMP home page at: http://www.net-snmp.org/docs/ All configuration files should be placed in the INSTALL_BASE\etc\snmp folder. The INSTALL_BASE folder is defined in the win32\net-snmp\net-snmp-config.h file. For example, c:\usr\etc\snmp. Included is a Perl script called snmpconf which can be used to create configuration files. Full documentation on using snmpconf is available from the Net-SNMP web site at the above link. To run snmpconf, first modify snmpconf.bat located in the bin folder where Net-SNMP is installed. Modify the set MYPERLPROGRAM= line to contain the full path to the snmpconf Perl script. For example: set MYPERLPROGRAM=c:\usr\bin\snmpconf You can now run snmpconf using the standard command line such as: snmpconf -i For detailed information on using environment variables and the registry to configure Net-SNMP, see the 'Configuration_Overview.html' file in win32/dist/htmlhelp. *************************************************************************** * * How to Register the Net-SNMP Agent and Trap Daemon as Windows services * *************************************************************************** The Agent (snmpd.exe) and trap daemon (snmptrapd.exe) can be run as a service under Windows operating systems that have the Service Control Manager (SCM) (Services Control Panel). This includes Windows NT, 2000, XP and 2003. Windows 9x/Me do not have the SCM. To allow snmpd.exe or snmptrapd.exe to run as a service, the programs need to be registered with the SCM. This is done by running the program once with the -register command line switch from a command prompt. If Net-SNMP was installed using the binary available from the Net-SNMP web site, there will be shortcuts in the Start menu for registering and unregistering the agent and snmptrapd. The synopsis for registering snmpd as a Windows service is: snmpd -register [OPTIONS] [LISTENING ADDRESSES] The synopsis for registering snmptrapd as a Windows service is: snmptrapd -register [OPTIONS] [LISTENING ADDRESSES] After registration, the services 'Net-SNMP Agent' and 'Net-SNMP Trap Handler' will be available in the SCM. The services can be started and stopped using the SCM (Services Control Panel) or from the command prompt using: net start "Net-SNMP Agent" net start "Net-SNMP Trap Handler" and net stop "Net-SNMP Agent" net stop "Net-SNMP Trap Handler" If any command line options are specified after the -register option, they will be included when the service starts. For example, to register the snmptrapd daemon and enable logging of traps to c:\usr\log\snmptrapd.log, enter the following command line: snmptrapd -register -Lf c:/usr/log/snmptrapd.log Note: Use Unix style slashes (/) for all paths. For a complete list of command line options, consult the man pages, or use the -h switch: snmpd -h snmptrapd -h Notes: -H will display all available snmpd.conf, snmptrapd.conf and snmp.conf configuration file options, not the command line options. Like all Net-SNMP applications, snmpd and snmptrapd will use the SNMPCONFPATH and SNMPSHAREPATH environment variables when run as a service. The registry is the recommended method for defining these variables due to a limitation in the Windows Service Control Manager (SCM). When running as a service, if any system environment variables are changed, the system will need to be rebooted to allow the services to access the changed environment variables (see Microsoft knowledge base article 821761). Therefore, when running snmpd or snmptrapd as a service, if SNMPCONFPATH or SNMPSHAREPATH is changed, a reboot will be required after setting the environment variables, otherwise the services may fail to start. Using the registry to store the environment variables eliminates this problem. See the 'Configuration_Overview.html' file in win32/dist/htmlhelp for more information on using the registry. Unregistering the services -------------------------- To un-register the services, use the command line switch -unregister. For example: snmpd -unregister snmptrapd -unregister Note: Be sure to have all Service Control Panel windows closed when unregistering, otherwise a reboot may be required to complete the removal. Modifying the services ---------------------- To change the parameters that the SCM passes to snmpd or snmptrapd, the service must be unregistered, and then re-registered with the new options. For example, to change the parameters that SCM passes to snmpd, open a command prompt window, CD to the directory where the snmpd program is located (unless it is already in your PATH), identify the full set of parameters you desire, then type these two commands: snmpd -unregister snmpd -register [OPTIONS] [LISTENING ADDRESSES] Note: Be sure to have all Service Control Panel windows closed when unregistering, otherwise a reboot may be required to complete the removal. Registry Information -------------------- Warning: Improper use of the registry editor can damage to your operating system and should only be used by experienced users. The following registry keys are used by snmpd and snmptrapd: HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Net-SNMP Agent HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Net-SNMP Trap Handler Each command line option specified when regsitering the service will be added to the Parameters registry subkey for the service as a ParamX REG_SZ value where X starts at 1 and increments for each additional command line option. For example, '-Lf c:/usr/log/snmptrapd.log' would be: HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\ Net-SNMP Trap Handler\Parameters\Param1 -Lf HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\ Net-SNMP Trap Handler\Parameters\Param2 c:/usr/log/snmptrapd.log To add additional command line switches or modify the existing ones, it is recommended to unregister and re-register the services with the new command line options. It is also possible to directly add or modify the ParamX values in the registry. Note: The Parameters key is only created when there is at least one command line option specified when registering the service so it may need to be manually added if modifying using the registry editor. *************************************************************************** * * Notes on SET support for WIN32 ports * *************************************************************************** Requirements: Windows NT/2000/XP or later: Requires Windows NT 4.0 SP4 or later. Windows 95/98/Me: Requires Windows 98 or later. Windows support for SET on following groups: interfaces: ---------- ifAdminStatus is read-write. Status can be set with either 'up' or 'down'. (IE, 'testing' status is not supported.) ip group: -------- Scalar objects: ipForwarding:Currently windows supports only ON->OFF (IE, enable->disable). For any other value, it returns with failure. ipDefaultTTL: Supports value greater than or equal to 0. Table objects: ------------- 1. ipRouteTable: ------------ route_write.c implements this. ipRouteDest: Setting this value, updates row with new ipRouteDest and all other entries will be same as old row. EX: Consider there is an entry with ipRouteDest = 10.0.0.20 Request, snmpset localhost private ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteDest.10.0.0.20 -a 10.0.0.16 Updates that row with ipRouteDest = 10.0.0.16 ipRouteIfIndex:Write supported. ipRouteMetric1: Supports value greater than or equal to -1 ipRouteMetric2, ipRouteMetric3, ipRouteMetric4, ipRouteMetric5: Even though call returns with success, Windows doesn't change these (as these are not used in Windows) ipRouteNextHop: Write supported. ipRouteType: Write Supported. If value is 2, IE 'invalid', it deletes the entry. ipRouteAge: Whenever any row is updated this will be automatically reset. ipRouteMask: Write Supported. Creation of ipRouteTable row: ----------------------------- snmpset request for non existent OID with ipRouteIfIndex, ipRouteMetric1, ipRouteNextHop and ipRouteMask varbinds, creates a row. snmpset with create option is not supported, as row creation requires ipRouteIfIndex, ipRouteMetric1, ipRouteNextHop and ipRouteMask in a single request. Example to create a row: ----------------------- Consider there is no entry for 10.0.0.18 snmpset localhost private ip.ipRouteTable.ipRouteEntry.ipRouteIfIndex.10.0.0.18 i 2 4.21.1.ipRouteMask.10.0.0.18 a 255.255.255.255 4.21.1.ipRouteNextHop.10.0.0.0 a 10.0.0.0 4.21.1.ipRouteMetric1.10.0.0.18 i 1 If ipRouteIfIndex is valid then creates row with: ipRouteIfIndex = 2 ipRouteMask = 255.255.255.255 ipRouteNextHop = 10.0.0.0 ipRouteMetric1 = 1 2. ipNetToMediaTable: -------------------- ipNetToMediaIfIndex: write supported ipNetToMediaPhysAddress: write supported ipNetToMediaNetAddress: write supported ipNetToMediaType: write supported, setting with value 2, deletes the row. Creation of row: -------------------- snmpset request for non existent OID with ipNetToMediaPhysAddress varbind creates a row. snmpset with create option is not supported, as row creation requires ipNetToMediaPhysAddress in a request request. Example to create a row: ----------------------- Consider there is no entry for 10.0.0.32 snmpset localhost private ip.ipNetToMediaTable.ipNetToMediaEntry.ipNetToMediaPhysAddress.2.10.0.0.32 x efcd12130103 If ipNetToMediaIfIndex is valid then creates row with: ipNetToMediaIfIndex = 2 ipNetToMediaPhysAddress = ef:cd:12:12:01:03 ipNetToMediaNetAddress = 10.0.0.32 ipNetToMediaType = 4 TCP: --- tcpConnState of tcpConnTable is writable and the only value which may be set by a management station is deleteTCB(12) *************************************************************************** * * Notes on preprocessor defines for MSVC, MinGW and Cygwin * *************************************************************************** When adding Windows specific code, one or more of the following defines should be used: Define: Description: ------- ------------ WIN32 Defined by MSVC & MinGW _MSC_VER Defined by MSVC only (standard MSVC macro) mingw32 Defined by MinGW only cygwin Defined by Cygwin only HAVE_WIN32_PLATFORM_SDK Should be defined if the Microsoft Platform SDK is installed and registered with MSVC or enabled for MinGW or Cygwin MinGW and Cygwin do not require the Microsoft Platform SDK as they both should contain most if not all of the functionality provided by the SDK. When adding code that requires the PSDK under MSVC, the following can usually be used: #if defined (HAVE_WIN32_PLATFORM_SDK) || defined (mingw32) || defined (cygwin) As listed above, Cygwin does NOT define WIN32. When adding generic Windows code that will work with MSVC, MinGW and Cygwin, the following should be used: #if defined (WIN32) || defined (cygwin) *************************************************************************** * * Acknowledgements * *************************************************************************** These people are known to have contributed to one or more of the Win32 platform ports. If you have, and your name is not here, please accept our apologies, and tell us so we can add your name. David Perkins, Joe Marzot, Wes Hardaker, Niels Baggesen, Dave Shield, Robert Story, Suvrit Sra, Mike Slifcak, Latha Prabhu, Nikolai Devereaux, Alex Burger, Bernhard Penz, Andy Smith and Bart Van Assche.